Cumulative technical indicators

Risk-adjusted returns

Cumulative Intrinsic value

Business fundamentals

Market share (3Y)

Market share (5Y)

FCF growth (3Y)

FCF growth (5Y)

PE benchmark

Media sentiment

Collection

Return on Assets %

Management Effectiveness

Revenue Growth

Overall Rating

Company name

A stock symbol, also called a company symbol or ticker, is a unique series of characters assigned to a publicly traded security for trading purposes on an exchange. Each company gets their own symbol to ensure easy recognition and transactions on a securities exchange. A stock symbol is usually some type of abbreviation related to the company name.  For example, Apple’s company symbol is AAPL. Different stock exchanges have different rules on what the ticker can be. Stocks on the NYSE can have four letters or fewer while most companies listed on the Nasdaq are unique four-lettered symbols with sometimes an additional fifth letter included at the end to indicate something special about the company. For example, the letter “Q” indicates bankruptcy proceedings, while and “F” indicates a foreign company. Company tickers are symbols that help investors and analysts spot the stocks easily and access important share price and trading volume information. The company gets to pick its symbol when it issues stocks for the first time on the market through an IPO (Initial Public Offering). The symbol has to be unique and appropriate, meaning it cannot be offensive.

Symbol

Company Symbol

Sector

Industry

The term share price, or stock price, refers to the current price a single stock is trading for on the stock market. The share price is not fixed and changes according to market conditions such as the state of the economy as a whole, politics, and company specific reasons such as company management. As an investor you should not judge a stock by its share price because a stock's price says little about that stock's actual value or whether that stock is likely to go up or down in value. Before investing, you should do in-dept fundamental analysis to determine a company’s true value.

Share Price

Stock Price

Consensus rating

Analysts provide stock ratings and recommendations to investors to help them make better investment decisions. In addition to a “buy”, “sell”, or “hold” rating they calculate a security’s price target. Price targets indicate the future expected fair value of a security (usually 12 months out). The comparison between a stock’s actual price (market price) and its target price is a highly useful metric for traders and investors. When a stock’s target price is higher than its current selling price, it is perceived to be undervalued and when its target price is lower, it is believed to be overvalued. The bigger the difference between the current stock price and the price target, the more investors are motivated to buy or sell because more money can be made (or lost). Analysts use various valuation methods and calculations to predict a company’s future earnings potential and its stock’s price target. High quality research and target pricing models can be extremely beneficial. However, it is important to find out how analysts have arrived at their numbers and what assumptions they have based their calculations on. Please be aware that sometimes analysts may use price targets as a price anchoring manipulation tool for their or their firm’s benefit. It is also important to realize that there is no guarantee that the stock will actually reach its estimated target price. Price targets should only be used in combination with other metrics when deciding when to buy or sell a stock.

Price vs analyst targets

Price vs. analyst targets

Investment firms and technical analysts provide analyst ratings and stock recommendations to their clients and investors to help them make their investment decisions. Analysts research a company’s financial statements, talk to company managers and key customers, listen to quarterly conference calls, and conduct research on the company’s performance, to come up with their ratings. Ratings are usually accompanied with a target price to helps traders understand a security’s fair price compared to its market value. Analyst ratings are based on the current estimate of a stock’s expected performance over a specific period of time. Most analysts issue ratings 4 times a year, once every 90 days. The simplest ratings scale used tells you whether a stock is a “buy”, “sell” or “hold”. While stock upgrades and downgrades often result in a stock’s price change, and drives trading activity in a stock, long-term investors should be careful when looking at these ratings as they are short- to mid-term recommendations only.  Analysts' opinions can be useful but should only be used in conjunction with your own research and in-dept fundamental analysis of the company.

Analyst ratings (90days)

Symbol Type

The price-to-earnings ratio (P/E ratio) is used to value a company by dividing the stock’s current share price by the stock’s per-share earnings. The metric helps investors value investments by baselining the duration that the investor must hold a stock to recoup his investment assuming that the company’s earnings remained constant. This approach allows investors to compare stocks across the same sector or industry group and is a good starting point for identifying potential investments.

Price / Earnings (P/E)  (TTM)

The price/earnings to growth, or PEG ratio, is a company’s Price/Earnings ratio divided by its earnings growth rate over a period of time. In other words, it is the relative trade-off between stock price, earnings per share (EPS) and the expected growth of the company. It is a valuable metric used by investors to calculate whether a stock price is overvalued or undervalued and helps them determine whether a company is well priced based on its future growth expectations. Investors often prefer it over the P/E ratio because it doesn’t just look at a company’s historic earnings, but it helps them estimate how likely the company will gain value over time. It is best used to evaluate companies with high growth rates and a high P/E ratio. It can uncover companies with relatively limited earnings that might in fact be a strong investment with growth taken into account.

Price / Earnings to Growth (PEG)

The price/sales ratio (P/S ratio), also called sales multiple or revenue multiple, is an important valuation metric for stocks. It measures a company’s value in terms of how much investors are willing to pay for a stock per dollar of sales. Usually, the lower the P/S ratio, the more attractive the investment. However, sales and revenue do not reveal the whole picture, as companies with low P/S ratios can actually be unprofitable. Because of this limitation, this ratio is usually used only for unprofitable companies such as new companies with no profits or cyclical companies with no profits, since they do not have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E ratio). The metric can be used to determine the value of a stock relative to its past performance and it can also be useful in comparing similar stocks within a sector or sub-sector. A disadvantage of the P/S ratio is that it is always based on historical data.

Price / Sales

Price / Sales (P/S)

The D/E ratio is a metric that helps investors evaluate a company’s overall financial soundness and its use of debt. It shows how well a business finances its operations and assets through debt in relation to its shareholder equity. The more debt a company uses, the higher the D/E ratio will be. Generally, a company with a high D/E ratio is considered a higher risk because it suggests that the company is financing a significant amount of its potential growth through borrowing. However, what is considered a high ratio depends on a variety of factors, especially the industry a company operates in.

Debt / Equity (D/E)

Net income is a fundamental metric for investors as it indicates how much profit from a company’s revenue is left over after paying all its expenses. It is also called net earnings, net profit and the bottom line. It is called the bottom line because it is typically found on the last line of a company's income statement. Net income is also used on a company’s balance sheet. Is also important because it is the basis upon which companies make other calculations such as earnings per share (EPS), their net profit margin, and as the starting point for their cash flow statement. Investors use these metrics to compare different companies and decide which company will be a better investment.

Net Income $

Gross margin percentage is a metric used by investors to measure a company’s financial health and particularly the profitability of its manufacturing activities. Also known by the terms gross margin ratio or gross profit margin, it is a profitability ratio that shows the gross margin in relation to its revenue. It calculates the income of a company remaining after paying the Costs Of Goods Sold (COGS) which are all the direct expenses associated with producing goods and services and includes both direct labor and material costs. The gross margin percentage represents what percentage of revenue per dollar the business retains as gross profit. The remaining gross profit that remains can then be towards paying debts, general and administrative expenses, interest fees, and dividend distributions to shareholders.

Gross Profit Margin %

Net margin percentage or net profit margin is one of the most closely followed metrics in finance as it calculates the profitability of a business. Investors and analysts look at it because it shows how well a company can convert its revenue into profits. It is a measure of the amount of net profit gained per dollar of revenue. Net margin percentage is the revenue percentage remaining once expenses like Costs Of Goods Sold (COGS), interest, taxes, and operating expenses have been paid from the revenue. Net profit margin is very useful when comparing net margins among a group of companies in the same industry to see which ones are most effective at converting sales into profits. Because it is a percentage of sales revenue and not an absolute number, the comparison is made easy. This is called margin analysis.

Net Profit Margin %

Earnings per share growth is an important valuation metric used by investors and analysts to value a company. EPS growth represents the growth of the earnings per share over a period of time (usually trailing 12 months) and helps investors identify which stocks are increasing or decreasing in profitability and at what rates. Remember, earnings per share is calculated by taking a company’s net income and deducting the dividends paid on preferred stock, and then dividing this result by the number of outstanding shares at the end of the period. To calculate EPS growth, you take the EPS from this year and divide it by the EPS from last year and deduct 1. The result is the EPS growth rate for that period.

EPS Growth % (TTM)

1 yr % Change in EPS Basic (TTM)

Current ratio, also called working capital ratio, is a liquidity ratio that measures a company’s ability to meet its current liabilities with its current assets. It compares a company’s cash plus its other assets that can be converted to cash within a year to its current liabilities that will be paid in a year or less. In general, the higher the ratio, the better the company’s liquidity and financial health are. The lower the ratio, the more likely the company might not be able to meet its current debt obligations. To determine liquidity, the current ratio is not as helpful as the quick ratio, because it includes assets that may not be easily liquidated, like prepaid expenses and inventory. The current ratio is best used when comparing companies within the same industry. It is also useful as an indicator of how the company is doing when comparing its current ratio of different periods. For example, investors might see a company’s improving current ratio as an indication of an investment opportunity in an undervalued stock of a company that is turning itself around.

Current ratio 

Current Ratio

The quick ratio, also known as the acid-test ratio is a liquidity ratio that measures a company’s ability to meet its short-term liabilities with its near-cash assets without having to sell inventory, get additional financing, and with minimum impact on the asset’s sales price.  In general, the higher the ratio, the better the company’s liquidity and financial health are. The lower the ratio, the more likely the company might not be able to meet its short-term debt obligations. Near-cash assets or quick assets are assets that can be converted into cash within 90 days or so and include cash, marketable securities, and accounts receivable. Inventory is not included in the quick ratio because it usually takes longer than 90 days to convert it into cash without compromising on price.

Quick ratio

Beta, also called market beta or beta coefficient, is a measure of a security’s volatility in relation to the market as a whole. For example, it measures the systematic risk of a particular stock when compared to a benchmark, like an index such as the S&P 500. The market as a whole has a beta of 1, while an individual stock’s beta gets calculated according to how much it deviates from the market. A beta of above 1 means that the stock moves more than the market over time, whereas a beta between 0 and 1 means that the stock moves less than the market. Generally, high-beta stocks are riskier but provide a higher return potential while low-beta stocks are less risky but have lower returns. Beta is used as a component of the CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model), which represents the relationship between systematic risk and expected return for assets. Many investors use beta to help them create an investment portfolio that meets their specific risk preference. Beta is a better predictor of short term rather than long term risk because it is based on historical data and does not take a company’s fundamentals into consideration.

Beta - 5-year

The 52-week range is a technical indicator that shows the difference between the highest and the lowest published price an asset has traded at over the last 52 weeks. This metric is readily available in data feeds from most major financial information websites. It is often used by investors and traders as an important factor in assessing a stock's current value, its volatility, and predicting its future price movement. This data point id often used to determine an entry or exit point for a given stock. However, a buy or sell decision should not only be based on the 52-week range. A stock's current price and its recent trend (up or down) in the 52-week range need to be taken into consideration to get an accurate picture of how the stock is performing relative to the past 12 months. You can find the current trend by looking at the actual 52-week stock chart.

Price vs 52 Week High

Market cap or market capitalization refers to the total market value of a publicly traded company’s outstanding shares. It can be calculated by multiplying a company’s total number of outstanding shares with the current market price per share. In other words, market cap measures what a company is worth on the open market. It reflects what investors are willing to pay for its stock and the market’s perception of the company’s future growth potential. Investors use market cap to assess a stock’s risk level and volatility. Larger companies as typically less risky and less volatile than smaller companies. In addition, market cap helps investors diversify their portfolios. However, market capitalization should not be the only metric used when considering investment opportunities. A more detailed analysis of a company’s fundamentals, financial situation, the market, and the general economic situation should be conducted before making an investment decision.

Market cap

Market-Cap

Revenue growth refers to the increase or decrease in a company’s sales between two periods. It is expressed as a percentage and demonstrates how much the company’s revenue has grown (or shrunk) over time. Revenue growth is measured by comparing any period’s revenue with the previous period. The comparison should be made between time periods of equal length, and can be calculated annually, quarterly, monthly or for any other time period. You can calculate a company’s revenue growth rate by subtracting the previous period’s revenue from the current period’s revenue, and then dividing that number by the previous period’s revenue. Then multiply it by 100 and you have the revenue growth rate. These revenue numbers can be found at the top of the company's income statement and are reported quarterly and annually. Investors use revenue growth to identify potential investment opportunities.

Revenue Growth % (TTM)

Trading volume is a technical indicator that usually represents the sum of the total number of shares that are traded during a specified reporting period. For futures and options, it is based on how many contracts have changed hands. Volume is directly proportional to the liquidity in the stock market and is usually reported on a daily basis by most exchanges. Volume figures are given for individual stocks, as well as for an exchange as a whole. Investors use volume to look at stock trends and use it to determine the best entry and exit points for a trade. In other words, when to buy or sell a particular security. An increase in trading volume is generally associated with a stock’s price change. For example, major news releases such as interest rate changes or companies’ earnings reports can cause significant changes in trading volumes and lead to price increases in case of positive news and price decreases in case of negative news.

Volume (end of day)

Dividend yield, expressed as a percentage, is an important financial ratio that shows how much a company pays in dividends to its shareholders per share of stock relative to its share price during a fiscal year. It can be calculated by dividing the dollar value of dividends paid per share in a particular year by the stock’s price per share. It is can be used to measure the return on investment for a stock without taking capital appreciation (price increase of the stock) into consideration and if you are an income investor, it makes it easy to find the stock that pays the highest dividends. Dividend yield numbers can also be found on a company’s annual report and on many popular financial websites. However, be aware that these numbers can be misleading as they report trailing dividend yields that may no longer be accurate. It is important to know that dividend yield can change overtime because of a change in the stock price or as a result of dividend increases or decreases by the company’s Board of Directors. Before investing, you should always verify that the dividends that are reported are still being paid. Remember that  dividend yield, like any other single metric, should never be used in isolation when making investing decisions.

Dividend Yield % (FY)

Annual dividends are regular payments of a part of a publicly listed company’s profits to its shareholders. They are a reward to investors for putting their trust and their money into the company. Not all companies pay dividends, but many of them do. About 75% of the S&P 500 companies pay dividends. Typically, the larger, well-established, slow-growing companies with predictable profits pay dividends, whereas the smaller fast-growing companies such as ones in the tech and biotech industry, do not because they need to use their profits to invest in new facilities and employees to keep showing fast growth. Although companies usually pay out dividends in cash, there are other types of dividends such as stock dividends, and special dividends. Dividends on common stock are not guaranteed and often differ in amounts year after year. However, companies that start paying dividends are expected to keep paying them and even increasing them. Stocks that pay dividends can provide you with a stable and growing income stream. This can be especially important when you are investing for the long-term (compound interest) and when you are close to retirement.

Annual Dividend $ (TTM)

The dividend growth rate, expressed as a percentage, is the rate of growth of a company’s dividend payments over a certain period of time. Although it is usually calculated on an annual basis, it can also be calculated on a monthly or quarterly basis if needed. The dividend growth rate percentage is an important metric to measure the potential growth of a company’s profits and future dividends. A company with a long history of consistent dividend pay outs and a yearly increasing dividend growth rate is generally a positive sign for investors. These companies are usually well-managed and financially sound, and it shows that they can grow their earnings year-after-year. Prime examples of companies with solid dividend growth are the S&P 500 Dividend Aristocrats stocks. These stocks have increased their dividend pay outs for at least 25 consecutive years. Examples are Procter & Gamble (ticker PG) and 3M (ticker MMM). Please note, that although these companies show good dividend growth rates over a long period of time, this metric does not guarantee a company’s profitability. Dividend investing is a long term strategy that can be used by people who are investing for their retirement and  can be very lucrative because of the power of compounding, especially when you reinvest your dividends. People that are close to retirement age might also become interested in dividend stocks because they might want to increase the percentage of dividend stocks in their portfolio to create a steady stream of income during their retirement. Dividend growth is just one metric to look at for dividend investors. Before you make your investment decision, you should also look at the dividend yield, the dividend pay out ratio, and conduct an in-dept analysis on the company fundamentals.

Dividend Growth % (TTM)

Consensus indicator

Oscillators are popular indicators used in technical analysis by traders. There are many different oscillators, all of which work on the concept of the momentum of price shifts. There are many different types and several different categories of oscillators. The two main categories are a centered oscillators and banded oscillators. Centered oscillators fluctuate above and below a centerline and are useful for analyzing the strength and direction of price momentum of a security. Banded oscillators fluctuate between high and low bands and indicate overbought and oversold positions. Overbought means that the price is unjustifiably high while undersold means that the price is unjustifiably low, which might indicate a trend reversal and alerts traders that prices are reaching extreme levels and that they should not only pay attention to the assets price action but other indicators as well, to help them make their buy and sell decisions. Oscillators are best used in non-trending markets, such as markets with a horizontal (sideways) trading pattern or volatile up and down markets. They are popular because they are relatively easy to construct and interpret. It is important to realize that oscillator readings and signals have different meanings under different circumstances. Learning to interpret oscillators is more an art than a science and it takes a while to develop expertise. Because there are so many to choose from, it is best to focus on a select few to learn their specifics. It is recommended to not only rely on oscillators in your analysis, but to use them in combination with other technical analysis tools such as pattern analysis and trend identification before making buy or sell decisions.

Oscillators

Moving averages are among the most popular and widely used indicators in technical analysis. They help you identify and measure the trends of markets and financial assets by smoothing out price action by aiming to remove “noise” (random price fluctuations). Many technical indicators use moving averages as the basis of their calculations and trend-identification methods. MAs are lagging indicators, because they are based on past data. Moving averages are displayed in stock price charts and create a single continuous line that shows you the direction a price is moving. An increasing MA means that the trend is up, while a decreasing MA reflects a downward trend. This indicator analyzes price points of a stock over a given period of time, also called the “lookback” period. For example, a 5-day moving average is the average price for a stock based on the last 5 days. A MA’s “lookback” period can be adjusted according to a trader’s preference. The higher the number of periods, the fewer the fluctuations, but the longer the lag and the less sensitive the indicator becomes. This “lookback” period can be adjusted according to a trader’s needs and can be a in minutes, days, or weeks. Long-term investors typically use 100-day and 200-day moving averages, while day traders typically shorter-term moving averages such as 5-day or 10-day EMAs. Investors and traders rely on moving averages to help them highlight trends, spot trend reversals, and generate trade signals.

Moving averages

The stochastic oscillator is a highly popular technical analysis tool that shows traders a security’s current closing price in relation to the high-low range over a timeframe which is typically 14 periods. It is a momentum-based indicator and its values are bounded by an upper and lower band. The stochastic indicator’s values oscillate between 0 and 100. A value of 0 refers to the lowest trading point while a value of 100 indicates the highest point within the given time period. The stochastic oscillator is based on the premise that the momentum of a stock changes, before the price itself changes, and therefore can be used in some situations to predict reversals when the indicator shows bullish or bearish divergences. It is also helpful for identifying oversold and overbought levels. The stochastic indicator gives the best results and fewer false signals when used in non-trending markets such as sideways or choppy markets. It is very important to use the stochastic oscillator in conjunction with other technical analysis tools to confirm the trade signals it generates. This will result in fewer false signals and more successful trades.

Stochastic oscillator

The commodity channel index (CCI) is a popular momentum-based oscillator that is used as a technical analysis tool by traders to detect cyclical trends, identify overbought and oversold conditions, and signal potential reversals for a commodity or security. Such information helps determine if you should buy, sell, add to an existing position, or refrain from taking a trade. The CCI measures the relationship between the current price and the historical average price over a given period of time. CCI is an unbound oscillator that fluctuates above and below a zero-line. Because it is an unbound oscillator, overbought and oversold levels are not fixed, although a value above +100 is often considered overbought and below -100 oversold. Adjustment of these settings/levels is highly recommended for many securities and is dependent on a security’s volatility. When CCI’s value is well above the zero line (high positive readings), it indicates that prices are well above their average, which is a sign of strength. In contrast, when CCI’s value is well below the zero-line (shows low negative readings), it indicates prices well below average which is a sign of weakness. The default timeframe used is 20 periods.

Commodity channel

Awesome oscillator is a technical analysis indicator that traders use to measure the momentum in the market. Its goal is to determine whether the market is bullish or bearish, to confirm or dispute trends, and to anticipate possible reversals. Market momentum is calculated by taking the most recent 5-period simple moving average (SMA) and deducting the 34-period SMA. It can be calculated over any period of time, such as days, hours or minutes, although most traders prefer to use daily SMAs to assess market trends.  Although most other oscillators use the closing price of a security, the awesome oscillator uses the midpoint value. The midpoint value is the sum of the high and low of one period divided by 2. By comparing the recent momentum with the momentum over a longer timeframe, the awesome oscillator shows traders what forces are currently dominating the market.

Awesome oscillator

The Chaikin money flow indicator is a technical momentum oscillator that measures the money flow volume of a security over a set period of time. Money flow volume is a metric used to measure the accumulation (buying pressure) versus the distribution (selling pressure). The typical CMF lookback period is 20 or 21 trading days (a month) but can be adjusted to increase or decrease sensitivity. CMF oscillates above and below a zero line. Crosses above the zero line indicate a bullish trend and crosses below the zero line a bearish trend. It is typically plotted on a chart as a histogram with the green areas representing net buying pressure and the red areas representing net selling pressure. It can also be shown as a single curved line. It is mainly used for trend identification and spotting of possible breakouts, trend reversals, and divergences. It can also be used to identify the behavior of large institutional investors, such as mutual funds and pension funds as these institutions are disproportionately responsible for a stock’s closing prices. As is the case with most technical indicators, CMF should not be used as a standalone indicator but only used in combination with other technical indicators or chart patterns that can provide further information.

Chaikin Money Flow

The Money Flow Index (MFI) is a powerful indicator that measures the buying and selling pressure on an underlying security by analyzing both price and volume data. The index measures the inflow and outflow of money into an asset over a specified period of time. MFI is calculated by calculating positive and negative money flows over a typical timeframe of 14 periods and then dividing the sum of the 14-day positive flow by the sum of the 14-day negative flow to get the money ratio. This ratio can then be entered into the MFI formula which is MFI = 100 – [100 / (1 + money ratio)]. When the index rises, it indicates an increase in buying pressure. When it falls, it indicates an increase in selling pressure. MFI is a leading indicator that helps traders identify oversold and overbought conditions to warn of unsustainable price extremes. It oscillates between 0 and 100. An MFI over 80 indicates an overbought condition while an MFI under 20 indicates an oversold condition. MFI can also be used to signal divergences and warn of potential reversals in the current price trend. For example, if the underlying price reaches a new high that isn’t confirmed by the MFI, this can indicate a price reversal. Because the MFI can generate false signals, it is important that other technical analysis tools or chart patterns are used to confirm its trade signals.

Money Flow index

MACD or Moving Average Convergence Divergence is one of the most widely used indicators by technical analysts to identify not just the direction and duration of an overall trend, but momentum (strength) of the trend as well. It combines the properties of moving averages with those of an oscillator and consists of moving averages and a histogram. MACD shows the relationship between 2 moving averages of varying lengths of a security’s price and is usually calculated by subtracting the 26-period long-term EMA (exponential moving average) from the 12-period short-term EMA. The result of the calculation is the MACD line which is the “heart” of the indicator. Then it takes the 9-period EMA of the MACD, called the “signal line” or ‘trigger line” and plots it on top of the MACD line. A crossover of the two lines can function as a trigger to buy or sell. When the MACD crosses above the signal line, it is considered a bullish signal and might trigger a buy. When the MACD crosses below the signal line, it is considered a bearish signal and might trigger a sell. The histogram that is often part of MACD also helps traders understand whether the bullish or bearish price movement is strengthening or weakening. However, understanding and being able to analyze momentum strength correctly is difficult. Experience. certainly helps.  As always, an indicator, even one as popular as MACD, is best used in conjunction with other indicators.

MACD

The True Strength Index is a very popular momentum oscillator indicator because it uses moving averages (lagging indicator) of the underlying security’s momentum (leading indicator). While most traders utilize TSI, like they do other oscillators to identify a security’s trend and oversold and overbought levels, some others use it to identify trading signals such as trend strength changes through bearish and bullish divergences, and trend direction changes through centreline crossovers and signal line crossovers. Please note, TSI is only useful in a trending market and should not be used in a sideways moving market. Because of the various trading signals it provides, and because the TSI can provide an early indication of whether the prevailing trend will continue or reverse, TSI is widely used. However, it does provide many false signals. To reduce the number of false signals it is important to change the TSI settings for each security based on its’ volatility, and to use it only in combination with other indicators that can confirm and deny its trading signals.

True Strength Index

The Ultimate Oscillator is a powerful technical indicator that traders use to help find high probability trend reversal points. It reflects the extend of change in buying pressure in a security. It is different from most other oscillators in that it measures the momentum of a stock’s price across three different time periods instead of just one which smooths out the indicator’s movements and makes the indicator less volatile. This results in fewer false divergences and makes it a more reliable momentum indicator than many other oscillators. The Ultimate Oscillator is range-bound and its value ranges between 0 and 100. The Ultimate Oscillator helps traders identify buy and sell signals, oversold and overbought conditions, as well as potential price reversals.

Ultimate Oscillator

Williams % R, also known as Williams Percent Range, or just %R, is a momentum indicator that shows a trader the current closing price in relation to the high-low range over a period of time which is typically 14 periods. Williams %R is a bounded oscillator, and its value fluctuates between 0 and -100. It measures oversold and overbought market conditions and can be used to find potential buy and sell signals. It can also be used for confirmation of momentum. This indicator is a fast-moving oscillator and is the inverse of the Fast Stochastic Indicator. %R indicator reflects the relation between the closing price and the highest high for the most recent 14 periods, whereas the Fast Stochastic indicator, which has a range of 0 to 100, reflects the relation between the closing price and the lowest low. As a result, both indicators produce the exact same lines, only the scaling is different. Please be aware that Williams %R only looks at the last 14 periods, and therefore will change quickly and will give many false signals.

Williams %R

The detrended price oscillator (DPO) is a technical indicator designed to remove the long-term influence of trend from price movement in order to identify and isolate short-term price cycles. Cycles longer than the specified period are removed. DPO measures the difference between a past price and a simple moving average (SMA). The historical price used in the DPO calculation is near the middle of the “lookback” period. Most of the time, the DPO (displayed below the price chart) is not aligned with the most current price but instead is offset to the left to line up with past prices to remove the current trend. Because DPO compares past prices with a moving average, it is not considered a momentum indicator. DPO can be used to estimate the length of the average price cycle because markets often repeat themselves and knowing the distance between peaks and troughs can be extremely helpful in estimating when the current cycle is about to end. Estimated future lows can be used as buying signals while estimated highs as selling signals. The typical “lookback” period for the detrended price oscillator is usually 20 or 30 periods.

Detrended Price Oscillator

The force Index is a technical indicator that uses price and volume to determine the strength of a security’s price movements, in other words, the buying or selling pressure. It is calculated by subtracting yesterday’s closing price from today’s closing price and multiplying the result by today’s volume. To smooth out the index and to reduce the number of false signals, typically the 13-period EMA (Exponential Moving Average) of the force index is used and compared with the 13-period EMA of the price. The force index is an oscillator that fluctuates between positive and negative values. It shows the direction, the extend, and volume of price movement. It is not bound and the values can go up or down indefinitely. High positive values of the indicator indicate a strong upward/rising trend while high negative values signal a strong downward trend. The force index was not designed to identify overbought and oversold conditions. Instead, it is intended to be used for confirmation of trends and breakouts, and to help identify potential turning points with divergences.

Force Index

The ease of movement indicator is a powerful volume-based oscillator that was designed to measure the relationship between a security’s price and trading volume. There are three things that are considered in the EOM calculation: distance moved (difference between the current price midpoint and the prior price midpoint), trading volume and the high-low range. As it considers both price volatility and volume, traders use the ease of movement indicator to evaluate a trend’s strength and to generate buy and sell signals. It is displayed as an oscillator that fluctuates above and below a zero line below a security’s price chart and represents how easy the price moves up and down based on volume trends. In general, when the indicator is positive (above the zero line), prices are increasing with relative ease. Conversely, when the indicator is in negative territory (below the zero line), prices are decreasing with relative ease. The ease of movement indicator gets the best results when used in volatile choppy markets that require frequent trade position adjustments and for short- to medium term gains over a period of a few days to several weeks. It does not work well in trending markets. EOM is best suited for confirming patterns and trade signals generated by other indicators, especially leading ones. It also works well as a part of a broader system where multiple indicators line up at once. The ease of movement indicator should not be used by itself.

Ease of Movement

The relative strength index is a popular momentum oscillator that is used to measure the speed and the magnitude of a security’s recent price changes. It is often used by traders to determine whether a security is likely to rally or get dumped in the near future, to identify opportunities to enter or exit a position, to indicate the general trend of a security, and to find bullish or bearish signs. RSI is displayed below a security’s price graph as a line graph that moves between a low of zero and a high of 100 and is typically used on a 14 period time frame. Traditionally, a security is considered overbought (overvalued), and signaling a trend reversal resulting in a selloff, when RSI is 70 or above. On the other hand, a security is considered oversold (undervalued), and signaling a trend reversal resulting in a rally, when RSI is 30 or below. These traditional overbought and oversold levels apply to most securities but might not work for all securities and can be fine-tuned when needed. For example, more volatile securities often use values of 80 and 20 for overbought and oversold levels. Please note that RSI can stay in an overbought or oversold condition for an extended period of time and does not always signal an immediate trend reversal.

Relative Strength Index

A 5-day simple moving average (SMA) adds up the 5 most recent daily closing prices of a stock and divides it by 5 to create a new average each day. Each day, the oldest period gets dropped and the next period gets added, moving the average along the timeline. Moving averages are popular technical indicators used to help highlight trend direction, spot trend reversals, and triggers trade signals. If the SMA is moving up, the trend is up. If the SMA is moving down, the trend is down. SMAs are displayed in stock price charts and always create a single smooth line that shows you the direction a price is moving while filtering out the “noise” from short-term price fluctuations. SMAs can have different lengths.

Simple Moving Average(5)

A 10-day simple moving average (SMA) adds up the 10 most recent daily closing prices of a stock and divides it by 10 to create a new average each day. Each day, the oldest period gets dropped and the next period gets added, moving the average along the timeline. Moving averages are popular technical indicators used to help highlight trend direction, spot trend reversals, and triggers trade signals. If the SMA is moving up, the trend is up. If the SMA is moving down, the trend is down. SMAs are displayed in stock price charts and always create a single smooth line that shows you the direction a price is moving while filtering out the “noise” from short-term price fluctuations. SMAs can have different lengths.

Simple Moving Average(10)

A 20-day simple moving average (SMA) adds up the 20 most recent daily closing prices of a stock and divides it by 20 to create a new average each day. Each day, the oldest period gets dropped and the next period gets added, moving the average along the timeline. SMAs are popular technical indicators used to help highlight trend direction, spot trend reversals, and triggers trade signals. If the SMA is moving up, the trend is up. If the SMA is moving down, the trend is down. SMAs are displayed in stock price charts and always create a single smooth line that shows you the direction a price is moving while filtering out the “noise” from short-term price fluctuations. SMAs can have different lengths.

Simple Moving Average(20)

Moving averages are trend indicators that smoothen out the impact of dynamic ups and downs of a stock’s price. When the indicator is trending up, prices will likely go up, and when the indicator is trending down, prices will most likely fall. The 30-day simple moving average (SMA) is a technical indictor that reflects the average of a security’s closing prices of the last 30 trading days (6 weeks). It is considered a mid-term SMA that is used by many short-term traders to guide their buy and sell decisions. It is often used in price crossover strategies to create a buy signal when price crosses above the 30-day SMA and a sell signal when price crosses below the 30-day SMA. It can also be used in a double crossover strategy in combination with a shorter term SMA to generate bearish or bullish signals. The timeframe of the SMA can be adjusted according to a trader’s preferences. It is important to understand that there is a significant difference between long-term and short-term SMAs. Long-term moving averages, such as 200-day and 100-day SMAs, are suitable for long-term investors who focus on wealth creation, because they show significant lag as they take into account historical prices from a longer time period. On the other hand, short-term moving averages such as the 10-day and 20-day SMAs are popular with day traders because they have little lag and are very sensitive to daily price fluctuations. Moving averages such as the 30-day and 50-day SMAs are considered mid-term SMAs.

Simple Moving Average(30)

The 50-day simple moving average (SMA) is a very popular technical indicator frequently used by investors to analyze price trends. It reflects the average of a stock’s closing prices over the last 50 trading days. It is generally plotted on price charts and was designed to be a reliable mid-term trend indicator. Because of its mid-term focus, it is used by both day traders and long-term investors. The 50-day SMA is a commonly used tool for identification of a stock’s support and resistance levels just like the 100-day and 200-day simple moving averages. When closing prices remain above the 50 SMA, a sustained uptrend is identified, while when closing prices stay below it, it will likely indicate a bearish trend. When used in combination with those longer-term SMAs, it is the first moving average that will show support in an uptrend, and resistance in a downtrend. The 50-day simple moving average is often used in combination with the 200-day simple moving average to identify technically significant crossovers that indicate trend reversals. These reversals can either be a bullish reversal called a Golden Cross, or a bearish reversal called a Death Cross. As always, the use of other technical indicators alongside the 50-day SMA is recommended to confirm these trend reversals and trade signals.

Simple Moving Average(50)

The 100-day simple moving average (SMA) is the average of the closing prices of a security or index over the last 100 trading days. It is helpful in tracking a security’s performance over the past 20 weeks and its focus is on a mid- to long-term timeframe. When an average of prices over a period is taken into consideration, the “noise” (random interference) from daily price fluctuations is removed, and a clearer picture of the direction of the price movement will become visible. The 100-day SMA is an easy-to-use technical analysis tool that traders and investors use to identify and measure price trends by smoothing price data. Although the 100-day moving average is a lagging indicator because it is based on historical data, it can still serve as a great trend indicator because it is less prone to false signals than a short-term SMA. You can just look at the indicator’s direction to get an idea of where the price is going. If the 100-day moving average is going up, the price trend most likely will be going up as well, and when the 100-day moving average is going down, the price will most likely follow a downward trend. The 100-day SMA also defines potential support and resistance levels. As with all other technical indicators, you should never use the 100-day moving average on its own. It is best to confirm its trade signals with at least one other technical indicator to maximize your returns.

Simple Moving Average(100)

The 200-day simple moving average (SMA) is the most widely used technical indicator for identifying overall long-term market trends. When price is consistently trading above the 200-day SMA, the market is considered to be in an upward trend, whereas markets consistently trading below the 200-day SMA are considered to be in a downtrend. Traders and analysts also often use the indicator to identify a security’s or market’s support (floor) and resistance (ceiling) levels. These are price levels on the chart that act as barriers to prevent the price from getting pushed in a certain direction. The 200-day simple moving average can be plotted as a line on a price chart and is simply the average of a security’s closing prices over the past 200 trading days (40weeks). By using the average of all the closing prices in the 200 trading days, it shows a security’s or a market’s smoothened out performance by eliminating “noise” from random short-term price fluctuations, making it easier to determine trend direction. The longer the SMA period, the smoother the result but the more lag between the price and the SMA. Although the 200-day moving average is a lagging indicator because it is based on historical data, it can still serve as a relatively reliable trend indicator because it is less prone to false signals than shorter-term SMAs. An alternative to the 200-day indicator is the 255-day SMA, as it represents the price movement of the previous year.

Simple Moving Average(200)

The Donchian channel is a channel indicator that is used in technical analysis to gauge the volatility of a security, indicate overbought and oversold conditions, and identify bearish and bullish momentum that can either signal potential breakouts or reversals as well as emerging trends. It is a banded indicator and is relatively easy to use. It is comprised of three lines corresponding to moving averages that show the market’s momentum. The upper band (resistance) shows the highest high for a given period, the lower band (support) marks the lowest low for that period, and the middle band is simply the average of the highest high and the lowest low. When volatility is high, the distance between the 3 lines will increase (the channel will widen), and when volatility is low the channel will become more narrow. When the price stays close to the middle line, it indicates low volatility. When the price crosses the upper or lower band, it indicates an overbought or oversold condition and that might generate potential trade signals. The most common lookback period used for the Donchian channel is a 20-day period, but this value can be adjusted depending on your trading preference. The three bands are plotted in a candlestick price chart that shows the opening, high, low, closing price, and timeframe of a given security.

Donchian Channel

The Mass Index is a technical volatility indicator that examines the range between an asset’s highs and lows over a specified period of time. The index suggests that a future trend reversal of the current trend is likely to happen when the high-low range widens beyond a certain point and then contracts. Because the index does not give insight into the direction of the reversals and cannot determine whether it is a bullish or bearish reversal, the index should only be used in conjunction with directional indicators such as the Triple Exponential Average (TRIX) to determine the direction of the reversal. The mass index typically uses a 25-period timeframe and typically fluctuates in the mid-20s range. When it reaches the high-end of its historical range, it suggests increasing volatility and an increase in the chance of a trend reversal. Historically, a reading above 27 and then a drop to below 26.5 would create a “bulge” that would signal that a trend reversal would likely occur. This indicator can be very effective for short-term trading by lowering its threshold for a reversal bulge to generate more signals. This indicator offers a unique perspective on market conditions because it analyses an asset’s high-low price patterns and the expansion and contraction of trading ranges to identify trend shifts. Most other technical analysis tools only consider price and volume movements. Besides signaling future trend reversals, the mass index can also be used to trade trend continuations.

Mass Index

The Triple Exponential Moving Average (TEMA) is a technical momentum-based indicator that is designed to smooth price volatility by using three smoothed exponential moving averages (EMAs) making it easier to identify the dominant trend. Another reason that TEMA is an efficient indicator is that its calculation includes a de-lagging component which makes it more of a leading trend indicator than other moving averages that are mostly considered lagging indicators. Because TEMA reacts quicker to price changes than traditional moving averages and EMAs, it is better suited for short-term trading. When used as a momentum indicator, the direction of TEMA indicates the short-term price direction. Typically, when TEMA is going up (its slope is positive), the price is also going up, and when TEMA is going down, price is going down. It is important to understand that some lag remains and that the longer the lookback period, the more lag there will be. TEMA is also used as an oscillator to identify overbought and oversold conditions When used as an oscillator, TEMA is plotted as a single line and its value fluctuates above and below a zero line. A positive value indicates an overbought condition while a negative value indicates an oversold condition. Some traders will use TEMA for potential buy and sell signals. When TEMA crosses above the zero line it generates a buy signal and when it crosses below the zero line it is considered to be a sell signal. TEMA can also be used to spot bearish and bullish divergences. Although the triple exponential moving average is a very versatile and effective indicator, as with all other technical indicators, you should only use TEMA in conjunction with other indicators and analysis techniques.

Triple Exponential Average

The Keltner Channel is a technical analysis channel indicator that is used by traders to measure an underlying security’s volatility. It was designed for trend identification and confirmation in trending markets, and for identification of overbought and oversold conditions in choppy or sideways moving markets. The Keltner channel consists of three separate lines, the middle line which is an exponential moving average (EMA) of the price, and two Envelope lines, one above the EMA (upper envelope or upper band) and one below the EMA (lower envelope or lower band). The upper and lower bands create a dynamic channel to “contain” the price range inside the two bounds. The default timeframe of the exponential moving average of the price is 20 periods but can be adjusted according to your needs. The upper band typically is twice the ATR (Average True Range) above the EMA, while the lower band is twice the ATR below the EMA. However, the multiplier can be increased or decreased based on your preferences. The angle of the channel shows trend direction and a breakthrough above the channel usually identifies a bullish trend while a breakthrough below the channel a bearish trend. In choppy or sideways markets, the bands can be used as support and resistance to identify overbought and oversold positions. As with other indicators, it is best to use the Keltner channel in combination with fundamental analysis for long-term trading, or other technical indicators for short-term trading.

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